Introduction and Classification of Coating Machines
Release date:
2021-07-14
The coating machine is primarily used in the surface-coating process for materials like films and paper. It applies a layer of specialized adhesive, coating, or ink—among other functional materials—to a continuous roll of substrate, followed by drying and rewinding. Equipped with a dedicated, multi-functional coating head, the machine enables various types of surface coating applications. Additionally, both the unwind and rewind sections feature fully automatic film-joining mechanisms that operate at full speed, while PLC-programmed tension control ensures precise, closed-loop regulation throughout the process. Among the oldest coating technologies, the brush-type coating machine was first introduced in the 1850s for producing coated wallpaper using porcelain-based coatings. Brush-type coating heads come in three distinct designs: round-brush heads, blanket-roll heads, and blanket-sleeve heads. Figure 1 illustrates this setup.
The coating machine is primarily used in the surface-coating process for materials like films and paper. It applies a layer of function-specific adhesives, coatings, or inks onto continuous rolls of substrate, followed by drying before the material is rewound into finished rolls.
It features a dedicated, multi-functional coating head capable of delivering various types of surface coatings. Both the take-up and rewind systems of the coating machine are equipped with full-speed automatic film-joining mechanisms, while PLC-programmed tension control ensures precise, closed-loop regulation.
Brush-style
The brush coating machine is the oldest type of coating equipment, originally developed in the 1850s for producing coated wallcoverings using china clay coatings. There are three distinct types of brush coating heads: the round-brush head, the blanket-roll head, and the blanket-sleeve head. Figure 1 shows an early model of a brush coating head.
Air knife
The introduction of the air knife coater in the 1930s marked the birth of the modern paper coating industry. This innovative machine effectively addressed the limitations of earlier brush-type coaters, leading to its rapid adoption and subsequently triggering a dramatic surge in coated paper production.
Scraper-type
The first patent for a blade coating machine emerged in the 1950s. Since then, blade coating technology has advanced rapidly. Depending on differences in feeding equipment, blade type, and blade installation position, blade coating heads are categorized into various types, including hard-edge blade coaters, drag-blade coaters, soft-edge blade coaters, fountain-feed blade coaters, short-retention blade coaters, Bill blade coaters, and roller-coat blade coaters, among others.
Roller-type
Roller coating involves applying coating material to the surface using a coating roller; in-machine coating primarily relies on this type of coating machine. The amount of coating applied can be adjusted by controlling the pressure between the metering rollers—increasing the pressure reduces the flow of coating material, thereby decreasing the coating thickness. Types of roller coating machines include:
Spray Coating
Spray coating technology is a non-contact coating method that uses controlled high-pressure spray technology to apply coatings—such as sizing—on one or both sides of paper or cardboard.
Curtain Coating
A multi-layer curtain coater can impart properties to inkjet printing paper surfaces with just a single coating process. Three-layer structure (bottom layer, absorption layer) And the top layer), enabling uniform coating even on uneven paper surfaces.
Slot-die coating
The slit coating head includes a coating liquid storage tank, a pump that delivers the coating liquid from the storage tank through a supply line to the nozzle, and a control unit that manages the operation of both the pump and the nozzle. Additionally, there is a pressure detection unit that monitors the line pressure and ensures the nozzle dispenses the coating liquid once the pressure reaches the predetermined threshold.
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